Semiconductor packages having an electric device with a recess

ABSTRACT

Embodiments are directed to a package that includes an electric device having a recess. In one embodiment, the electric device is a sensor and the recess reduces signal drift of the sensor caused by thermal expansion of the package. In another embodiment, the recess is substantially filled with adhesive material, thus increasing adhesion between the electric device and a substrate of the package while at the same time allowing for lower adhesive fillets.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

Embodiments of the present disclosure are related to semiconductorpackages that includes at least one electric device.

Description of the Related Art

Reliability of semiconductor devices is of significant importance.Various issues are known to cause reliability problems in semiconductordevices. For instance, heat generated by the operation of asemiconductor device that remains in the package can cause reliabilityissues. One reason for this is that packages are formed of varying typesof materials. Some of the different materials may have differentcoefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), and thus heat that remains inthe package can result in varying thermal expansion rates therebycausing distortions or delamination within the package.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Embodiments are directed to a package that includes an electric devicehaving a recess. In one embodiment, the recess is substantially filledwith adhesive material improving adhesion between the electric deviceand a substrate of the package while at the same time allowing for loweradhesive fillets. In another embodiment, the electric device is a sensorand the recess reduces signal drift of the sensor caused by thermalexpansion of the package.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view of a package in accordance with one embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of another package in accordance with oneembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of another package in accordance with oneembodiment of the invention.

FIGS. 4A-4D are side views of various packages in accordance with theprior art.

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating shear stress dependence on fillet height.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate steps in accordance with one embodiment forforming the recess for the electric device in the packages of FIGS. 1and 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a package 10 according to one embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The package 10 includes an electric device, suchas a sensor 12, having a back surface 14 secured to an upper surface 16of an integrated circuit 20 by an adhesive 22, such as glue or tape. Theback surface 14 of the sensor 12 includes a recess 26, the details ofwhich will be described below. The integrated circuit 20 is secured toan upper surface 28 of a substrate 30, thereby fixing the sensor 12relative to the substrate 30.

In FIG. 1, the sensor 12 is a pressure sensor. However, the sensor 12may be any sensor, such as a micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS), orany electric device. In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure sensor12 includes a membrane 32 that is located above a cavity 34 suspendingthe membrane 32. At the outer edges of the membrane 32 are transducerelements 36, such as piezoresistors, which are configured to measuredeflections of the membrane 32 and provide corresponding electricalsignals indicative of the measurement to the integrated circuit 20. Inone embodiment, the pressure sensor 12 is formed in silicon.

The sensor 12 is in electrical communication with the integrated circuit20 by way of one or more bonding wires 33. The integrated circuit 20 isany device configured to receive and process signals from the sensor 12.In one embodiment, the integrated circuit 20 is an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC).

A cap 40 having an opening 42 is also secured to the upper surface 28 ofthe substrate 30 outward of the integrated circuit 20 and the sensor 12forming a cavity 46 therein. The cap 40 is configured to protect thepressure sensor 12. The opening 42 in the cap 40 places the cavity 46 influid communication with the external environment outside of the package10. The membrane 32 of the pressure sensor 12 deflects in response tochanges in pressure in the cavity 46.

Although not shown in FIG. 1, the substrate 30 includes one or moreconductive and insulative layers. An outer surface 50 of the substrate30 may include lands, solder balls, and the like that are configured toelectrically couple the sensor 12 and/or the integrated circuit 20 to aboard or another electric device. An insulative layer in the substrate30 may comprise a polymer, glass, or the like. In one embodiment, one ormore insulative layers in the substrate 30 are fiber reinforced polymer.

As described above, thermal expansion of various components of packagescan cause reliability issues of the package. In particular, materialshaving different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) expand atdifferent rates. In FIG. 1, the CTEs of the sensor 12 and integratedcircuit 20 are substantially different than the CTE of the substrate 30.For instance, in one embodiment the sensor 12 and the integrated circuit20 comprise silicon, which has a CTE of about 2.6. The substrate 30,however, may have a CTE that is more than 5 times greater than the CTEof the sensor 12 and the integrated circuit 20. For instance, in theembodiment in which one or more insulative layers of the substrate 30 ismade of fiber reinforced polymer, the CTE is about 15. Thus, thesubstrate 30 expands to a substantially larger change in volume for thesame temperature change than the sensor 12 and the integrated circuit20.

The inventors realized that the substantially different CTEs between thesubstrate 30 and the sensor 12 can cause signal drift in the sensor 12.That is, due to the heat created during operation, the substrate 30expands and causes distortions in the sensor 12. The distortions cause adeflection in the membrane 32 that is not due to a change in pressure,thus resulting in a measurement error.

The recess 26 on the back surface of the sensor 12 is configured todecrease the measurement error in the sensor 12. The recess 26 includesa back surface portion 52 and a side surface portion 54. The recess 26may extend around the entire perimeter of the sensor 12 or extend arounda portion of the perimeter of the sensor 12. The dimension of the backsurface portion 52 may have any dimension to maintain suitable surfacearea on the back surface 14 of the sensor 12 to remain secured to theintegrated circuit 20 by the adhesive 22. In one embodiment, the backsurface 14 of the sensor 12 has one-half its original surface area tomaintain adhesion with the integrated circuit 20. In that regard, theback portion 52 may have a dimension of one-fourth the original surfacearea of the back surface 14 of the sensor 12 and extend around theentire perimeter of the sensor 12.

In the illustrated embodiments, the back surface 14 of the sensor 12 hasa dimension that is less than the membrane 32 of the sensor 12. Inparticular, the back surface 14 of the sensor 12 below the transducerelements 36 is not secured to the integrated circuit 20 by the adhesive22. Thus, as the substrate 30 expands under thermal strain, theintegrated circuit 20 is somewhat distorted by this expansion. Becauseportions of the back surface 14 of the sensor 12 are not secured to theintegrated circuit 20, the amount of distortion caused in the integratedcircuit 20 that is applied to the sensor 12 is reduced. Furthermore,having the recess 26 at locations below transducer elements 36 such thatthe back surface 14 of the sensor 12 below the transducer elements 36 isnot secured to the upper surface 16 of the integrated circuit 20,reduces any measurement errors caused by CTE mismatch between the sensor12 and the substrate 30. In that regard, although the integrated circuit20 may become distorted in view of the CTE mismatch between theintegrated circuit 20 and the substrate 30, the amount of distortionthat is applied to the sensor 12 is reduced.

Although not shown, it is to be appreciated that in some embodiments,the sensor 12 may be secured directly to the substrate 30 by theadhesive 22. In this embodiment, as the substrate 30 expands underthermal strain, portions of the sensor 12 are somewhat distorted, butagain, with the transducer elements 36 being suspended over thesubstrate 30, the membrane proximate the transducer elements 36 has areduced amount of distortion due to the thermal expansion of substrate30. In this embodiment, the integrated circuit 20 may also be secured tothe substrate 30 next to the sensor 12 or may be external to thepackage.

Although the illustrated embodiment shows a rectangular shaped recess26, the shape of the recess may vary. FIG. 2 shows another package 10 ain which the recess 26 is an angled recess 26 a. That is, a side surfaceportion 54 a of the recess 26 a forms an acute angle α with the uppersurface 16 of the integrated circuit 20. The angle α may be any anglesuitable to support the membrane 32 of the sensor 12. In someembodiments, the acute angle is between about 40° and 70°, and in oneembodiment, the angle is about 60°. In another embodiment, the sidesurface portion 54 forms an obtuse angle with the upper surface 16 ofthe integrated circuit 20. In one embodiment, the recess may remain atan acute angle up to the top edge of the sensor. In yet anotherembodiment, the recess 26 is concave shaped.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the sensor 12 is in electricalcommunication with the integrated circuit by way of conductive balls 23,such as solder balls. The conductive balls 23 may be used as theelectrical communication between the sensor 12 and the integratedcircuit 20 in the package 10 of FIG. 1. Similarly, the bonding wire 33may be used as the electrical communication between the sensor 12 andthe integrated circuit 20 in the package 10 a of FIG. 2.

FIG. 3 is side view of a portion of package 60 in accordance withanother embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, anelectric device 62 is secured to a substrate 64 using an adhesivematerial 66. The electric device 62 includes the recess 26 on at least aportion of its perimeter. The electric device 62 may be a sensor, suchas a micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS), an integrated circuit, orany other electric device. The substrate 64 in this embodiment may be ofa conductive material, an insulative material, or include one or morelayers of both.

The adhesive material 66 is any flowable adhesive, such as glue, solderpaste, and the like. The adhesive material 66 extends between a backsurface 70 of the electric device 62 and an upper surface 72 of thesubstrate 64 and substantially fills the recess 26. The adhesivematerial 66 fills the recess 26 any amount sufficient to improveadhesion between the electric device 62 and the substrate 64. In theillustrated embodiment, a portion of the adhesive material 66 extendsalong a side surface 74 of the electric device 62 forming a fillet. Thefillet preferably remains below 75% of the height of the electricdevice, and in some embodiments remains below 50%.

As will be explained below, the inventors correlated delamination ofoxide on electric devices due to high adhesive fillet heights. FIGS.4A-4D show various partial packages 60 a-60 d, respectively each packagehaving a different adhesive fillet height. In each of FIGS. 4A-4D, anelectric device 82 without a recess is attached to a substrate 64. FIG.4A shows the adhesive fillet 80 a having a height that is 25% of theelectric device 82. FIG. 4B shows the adhesive fillet 80 b having aheight that is 50% of the electric device 82. FIG. 4C shows the adhesivefillet 80 c having a height that is 75% of the electric device 82. FIG.4D shows the adhesive fillet 80 d having a height at 100% of theelectric device 82.

FIG. 5 illustrates graphical results of a finite element analysis ofshear stress acting on the die for the various adhesive fillet heightsof FIGS. 4A-4D. As shown in the FIG. 5, the inventors discovered thatsheer stress of the electric device increases as the adhesive filletheight increases, and, in fact, increases substantially when the filletheight is equal to the height of the electric device.

The recess 26 on the back surface 70 of the electric device 62 increasesadhesion between the electric device 62 and the substrate 64. Inparticular, the recess 26 allows for more adhesive material 66 to belocated therein, thereby increasing the adhesion between the electricdevice 62 and the substrate 64. That is, the recess 26 is locatedbetween the electric device 62 and the substrate 64 allowing moreadhesive material 66 therebetween. In that regard, the height of theadhesive fillet along a side surface 74 of the electric device 62 may bereduced, while at the same time maintain suitable adhesion between theelectric device 62 and the substrate 64.

Conversely, in the images shown in FIGS. 4A-4D, in order to increase theamount of adhesion between the electric device 82 and the substrate 64,the fillet height is increased along the side surface of the electricdevice 82, which as discussed above has now been identified asassociated with causing oxide to delaminate on the electric device 82.

As discussed in reference to FIG. 1, although the recess 26 is shown asa square in FIG. 3, the recess 26 may have any shape suitable thatallows adhesive material 66 to fill an opening between the electricdevice 62 and the substrate 64. For instance, in some embodiments therecess 26 is rectangular or concave in cross-section.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate steps for forming the recesses 26 in thesensor 12 and electric device 62 of FIGS. 1 and 3, respectively, inaccordance with one embodiment. FIG. 6A shows a portion of a wafer 86having a back surface 88 and a front surface 90. A plurality of die mayhave been formed on the front surface 90 of the wafer 86. The die mayinclude at least one of the sensor 12 and the electric device 62. Thefront surface 90 of the wafer 86 may be placed on a wafer chuck (notshown) for mechanical support.

A channel 92 having a width is formed in the back surface 88 of thewafer 86. A center of the channel 92 is located in a saw street betweenthe plurality of die. As shown in FIG. 6A, the channel 92 may be formedusing a saw blade 94 having a thickness equal to the width of thechannel 92 to be formed. A plurality of channels 92 are formed acrossthe back surface 88 of the wafer 86 in an array pattern.

As shown in FIG. 6B, after the channels 92 have been formed in the backsurface 88 of the wafer 86, the die are separated using a saw blade 96having a smaller thickness than the saw blade 94 used to form thechannel 92. As best shown in FIG. 6B, the recess 26 is thus formed.

It is to be appreciated that the channel 92 may be formed by othermethods. For instance, the channel 92 may be formed by a wet or dry etchprocess, laser cutting, or any other technique used to form channels inwafers. It is to be appreciated, that the etch process used may dependon the shape of the recess desired. That is, for a square recess, thelateral etch rate will substantially match the vertical etch rate. For aconvex shaped recess, the vertical etch rate will be faster than thelateral etch rate. Similarly, the die may be separated from one anotherby another technique other than sawing, such as laser cutting or anyother die singulation technique.

The various embodiments described above can be combined to providefurther embodiments. All of the U.S. patents, U.S. patent applicationpublications, U.S. patent applications, foreign patents, foreign patentapplications and non-patent publications referred to in thisspecification and/or listed in the Application Data Sheet areincorporated herein by reference, in their entirety. Aspects of theembodiments can be modified, if necessary to employ concepts of thevarious patents, applications and publications to provide yet furtherembodiments.

These and other changes can be made to the embodiments in light of theabove-detailed description. In general, in the following claims, theterms used should not be construed to limit the claims to the specificembodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should beconstrued to include all possible embodiments along with the full scopeof equivalents to which such claims are entitled. Accordingly, theclaims are not limited by the disclosure.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A package comprising: a substrate having afirst surface; and an electric device over the first surface of thesubstrate, the electric device including a membrane suspended above acavity and transducer elements located at outer edges of the membrane,the electric device including a single body that includes a firstportion and a second portion that forms a protrusion that extends fromthe first portion, wherein the protrusion fixes the first surface of thesubstrate, the protrusion and the first portion together forming arecess around at least a portion of a perimeter of the single body, thetransducer elements being located over the recess, the recess beingabove the first surface of the substrate.
 2. The package of claim 1wherein the electronic device is a sensor that includes the membranesuspended above the cavity, the recess being located below end portionsof the membrane.
 3. The package of claim 2 wherein the sensor is apiezoresistor pressure sensor.
 4. The package of claim 1, wherein therecess extends around the entire perimeter of the back surface.
 5. Thepackage of claim 1 wherein the recess is substantially square shaped. 6.The package of claim 1, further comprising an integrated circuit havingan upper surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface of theintegrated circuit being secured to the first surface of the substrate,wherein the first portion of the back surface of the electric device isfixed relative to the first surface of the substrate by being secured tothe upper surface of the integrated circuit.
 7. A package comprising: asubstrate having an upper surface; an electric device located over thesubstrate, the electric device including a single body that includesfirst and second portions, the second portion forming a protrusion thatextends from the first portion; and adhesive material securing theprotrusion to the upper surface of the substrate such that the firstportion of the single body is spaced from the upper surface of thesubstrate thereby forming a recess, the adhesive material completelyfilling the recess and located on only a portion of a side surface ofthe electric device above the recess forming an adhesive fillet.
 8. Thepackage of claim 7 wherein the electric device is one of a sensor and anintegrated circuit.
 9. The package of claim 7 wherein the recess extendsaround a perimeter of the back surface of the sensor.
 10. The package ofclaim 7 wherein the adhesive material completely fills the recess. 11.The package of claim 10 wherein the adhesive material is further locatedon a side surface of the electric device above the recess forming anadhesive fillet.
 12. The package of claim 7 wherein the adhesive filletis visible outside of the package.
 13. A package comprising: a substratehaving a first surface; and an electric device coupled to the firstsurface of the substrate, the electric device including a membranesuspended above a cavity and transducer elements located at a perimeterof the membrane, the electric device including a single body thatincludes a first portion and a second portion that forms a protrusionextending from the first portion, wherein the protrusion is fixed to thefirst surface of the substrate and the second portion of the single bodyforms a recess around at least a portion of a perimeter of the singlebody, the transducer elements being located over the recess, and therecess being above the first surface of the substrate.
 14. The packageof claim 13 wherein the recess is around an entire perimeter of thesingle body.
 15. The package of claim 13 wherein the cavity is a buriedcavity.
 16. The package of claim 13 further including a lid coupled tothe substrate and covering the electronic device.